This also extends to work pertaining to public roads, as road works require particular safety standards in order to secure the health and safety of all involved. 

 

A risk assessment must be conducted on the public road work to ensure that any and all hazards associated with it are identified and control measures are put into place to reduce the likelihood and risk of these hazards as far as reasonably possible. Any pre-existing services must be looked into via survey drawings of the area and appropriately located with CAT scanners, marked and sectioned off to avoid the risk of contact with services. 

Health and safety requirements for work sites ensure the limitations of noise exposure, from the lowest levels to the excessive which would result in permanent damage over time. Noise is measured in decibels (dB(A)), with the lower exposure action value (accepted lower noise limit) is 80dB(A), while the upper exposure action value is 85dB(A). 87dB(A) is the exposure limit value; it must not be exceeded as repeated exposure will surely affect hearing. 

 

Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005 state that it is the employer’s responsibility to assess the risk of noise while employees are a work, reduce exposure to these risks, provide hearing protection, maintain the protection and noise limit, provide training to employees and finally to carry out health surveillance on employees. 

 

Loud noises that can affect workers while being used can include power tools, machinery and plant. Hearing loss can occur gradually over time from exposure to noise at work over long a period of time, or from extremely loud sudden noises. This can split into temporary and permanent hearing loss, with temporary loss being a sign that if continued noise exposure occurs, it will result in permanent loss. A side effect of hearing loss can be tinnitus, characterised as a ringing or buzzing noise. If workers have trouble hearing others from at close proximity, it is a sign that ear damage has been sustained. 

It is important for employers to ensure the safety of employees when driving vehicles, whether they are driving cars, vans, motorbikes etc, on the road as part of a work activity. Just as much as health and safety laws apply to all construction sites, they also apply to when employees drive on the road. The driver’s health and the condition of the vehicle are to be assessed prior to driving, as the driver’s mental and physical health affect their driving, along with the vehicle not being in a good condition, can increase the risk of danger on the road. 

 

A risk assessment must be carried out as part of health and safety arrangements, taking into account the driver, the vehicle and the journey to be taken. The following hazards to consider include: 

• The condition of the vehicle 

• The roadworks, traffic and congestion 

• Weather 

• Fatigue and/or distractions 

• Pressure of time 

• The behaviour of other drivers 

The release of asbestos fibres can cause a great deal of damage to those exposed to it. Emergency procedures must be put in place to limit the potential damage caused. 

 

The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 is specifically designed to handle the management and working with asbestos in the workplace in order to reduce its severity to all workers in the area. Regulation 15 outlines the arrangements to deal with any accidents, incidents and emergencies pertaining to the accidental release of asbestos fibres. 

 

Should an accidental release occur, the employer must make sure that procedures have been put in place for such an emergency, such as the use of safety drills. Information pertaining to the emergency must always be made available for everyone on site and put into effect in an emergency. 

Those who work alone are at greater risk of harm than with other people such as supervisors and fellow operatives, who would be able to prevent or reduce the severity of potential hazards in the workplace. Workers visiting a residential property could also be at threat of any risks when working alone, due to the presence of unknown people which could potentially present issues. 

 

The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations require that the risks towards lone workers are considered. 

 

Asbestos is a mineral that was mined for and used heavily in the construction/manufacturing industry following World War II, largely used in insulation, and building materials. This was due to its properties such as being a good thermal insulator, a good electrical insulator, minimal chemical reactions as well as being relatively fireproof. All these attributed made asbestos one of the best building materials. The only downside to Asbestos which was not widely known at the time was that once these Asbestos containing material are broken, the fibres they release are deadly once breathed in. 

When Asbestos containing materials or ACMs are broken or start to break-down they release exceedingly small fibres into the air, some looks like string others look like needles.